Explosion Research Ltd.
Substance |
LFL/LEL in % by volume of air |
UFL/UEL in % by volume of air |
NFPA Class |
Minimum ignition energy in mJ Expressed
at percent by volume in air |
Auto ignition |
|
6 |
11 |
IB |
14 °C |
|||
6.5 |
15.5 |
IA |
−10 °C Flammable gas |
|||
3.7 |
18 |
IA |
−81.1 °C[22] |
|||
5.5 |
21.3 |
−126.1 °C[23] |
||||
IB |
||||||
6 |
16 |
IB |
13 °C |
413 °C |
||
2.0 |
12 |
IA |
−85 °C |
0.13 @ 5.2% |
||
2 |
22 |
IB |
12 °C |
|||
6.2 |
17.9 |
IA |
−65 °C Flammable gas |
|||
3 |
18 |
43 °C |
||||
2 |
8 |
56 °C |
||||
IIIA |
||||||
4.0 |
57.0 |
IA |
−39 °C |
0.37 |
175 °C |
|
Acetic acid (glacial) |
4 |
19.9 |
II |
39 °C to 43 °C |
463 °C |
|
II |
54 °C |
|||||
2.6–3 |
12.8–13 |
IB |
−17 °C |
1.15 @ 4.5% |
465 °C, 485 °C[3] |
|
IB |
2 °C |
524 °C |
||||
7.3 |
19 |
IB |
5 °C |
390 °C |
||
2.5 |
100[4] |
IA |
Flammable gas |
0.017 @ 8.5% (in pure oxygen 0.0002 @ 40%) |
305 °C |
|
2.8 |
31 |
IB |
−26 °C |
0.13 |
||
3.0 |
17.0 |
IB |
0 °C |
0.16 @ 9.0% |
||
2.9 |
11.1 |
IB |
−32 °C |
0.77 |
||
15 |
28 |
IIIB |
11 °C |
680 |
651 °C |
|
4.5–5.1[5] |
78 |
IA |
Flammable gas |
|||
1.2 |
7.8 |
IB |
−11 °C |
0.2 @ 4.7% |
560 °C |
|
1.6 |
8.4 |
IA |
−60 °C |
0.25 @ 4.7% |
420–500 °C |
|
Butyl alcohol, butanol |
1 |
11 |
IC |
29 °C |
||
1[7] |
8 |
IC |
25 °C |
423 °C |
||
Butylene, 1-butylene, 1-butene |
1.98[5] |
9.65 |
IA |
−80 °C |
||
1.0 |
50.0 |
IB |
−30 °C |
0.009 @ 7.8% |
90 °C |
|
12[5] |
75 |
IA |
−191 °C Flammable gas |
609 °C |
||
IA |
Flammable gas |
|||||
6.0–6.6[8] |
32–42.6 |
IA |
Flammable gas |
|||
1.8 |
11.1 |
IA |
−63.9 °C[9] |
426.7 °C |
||
1.3 |
7.8–8 |
IB |
−18 °C to -20 °C[10] |
0.22 @ 3.8% |
245 °C |
|
1 |
9 |
IIIA |
68 °C |
300 °C |
||
1–1.1 |
9–9.4 |
II |
43.9–44 °C |
420 °C[11] |
||
IB |
0 °C |
0.67 |
640 °C |
|||
1.5–2 |
9.4 |
IB |
0.54 |
361 °C |
||
2.4 |
10.4 |
IA |
−94.4 °C[15] |
0.17 @ 6.3% |
498 °C |
|
0.8 |
5.4 |
II |
46.1 °C |
210 °C |
||
0.8 |
88 |
IA |
−90 °C Flammable gas[16] |
38 °C |
||
54.7 |
552 °C |
|||||
Dichloromethane, methylene chloride |
16 |
66 |
Non flammable |
|||
4–4.7 |
96 |
IA |
−28 °C |
0.015 |
||
0.6 |
7.5 |
IIIA |
>62 °C (143 °F) |
210 °C |
||
2 |
13 |
IB |
169 °C |
|||
1.2 |
II |
38.9 °C[20] |
||||
1.9–2 |
36–48 |
IA |
−45 °C |
0.19 @ 5.1% |
160–170 °C |
|
IB |
−10 °C[21] |
|||||
1.8 |
10.1 |
IB |
−23 to −26 °C |
312 °C |
||
1 |
6 |
49 °C |
||||
1 |
21 |
IB |
−28 °C |
|||
IA |
−49 °C |
|||||
2.6–3 |
42 |
IIIB |
88–95 °C |
215 °C |
||
2.8 |
14.4 |
IA |
Flammable gas |
|||
4 |
21 |
31 °C |
||||
3[5] |
12–12.4 |
IA |
Flammable gas -135 °C |
515 °C |
||
Ethanol, ethyl alcohol |
3–3.3 |
19 |
IB |
12.8 °C (55 °F) |
365 °C |
|
2 |
12 |
IA |
−4 °C |
460 °C |
||
3.8[5] |
15.4 |
IA |
−50 °C |
|||
IA |
||||||
3.5 |
14 |
IA |
−17 °C |
|||
1.0 |
7.1 |
15–20 °C |
||||
2.7 |
36 |
IA |
0.07 |
490 °C |
||
3 |
22 |
111 °C |
||||
3 |
100 |
IA |
−20 °C |
|||
0.7[5] |
5 |
|||||
2 |
14 |
IA |
−36 °C |
|||
1.4 |
7.6 |
IB |
< −40 °C (−40 °F) |
246–280 °C |
||
3 |
19 |
199 °C |
||||
Heptane, n-heptane |
1.05 |
6.7 |
−4 °C |
0.24 @ 3.4% |
204–215 °C |
|
Hexane, n-hexane |
1.1 |
7.5 |
−22 °C |
0.24 @ 3.8% |
225 °C, 233 °C[3] |
|
4/18.3[24] |
75/59 |
IA |
Flammable gas |
0.016 @ 28% (in pure oxygen 0.0012) |
500–571 °C |
|
4.3 |
46 |
IA |
Flammable gas |
0.068 |
||
0.79 |
5.94 |
|||||
1.32[5] |
9.16 |
IA |
420 °C |
|||
1.8[5] |
9.6 |
IA |
Flammable gas |
462 °C |
||
2 |
11 |
28 °C |
||||
1 |
4 |
84 °C |
||||
Isopropyl alcohol, isopropanol |
2[5] |
12 |
IB |
12 °C |
398–399 °C; 425 °C[3] |
|
IA |
||||||
0.6–0.7 |
4.9–5 |
II |
>38 °C (100 °F) as jet fuel |
210 °C |
||
IA |
||||||
1.1[3] |
7 |
IC |
25 °C |
525 °C |
||
Methane (natural gas) |
5.0 |
15 |
IA |
Flammable gas |
0.21 @ 8.5% |
580 °C |
3 |
16 |
−10 °C |
||||
Methyl alcohol, methanol |
6–6.7[5] |
36 |
IB |
11 °C |
385 °C; 455 °C[3] |
|
10.7[5] |
17.4 |
IA |
−46 °C |
|||
IA |
−41 °C |
|||||
IA |
||||||
1.8[5] |
10 |
IB |
−6 °C |
505–515 °C[3] |
||
IA |
||||||
3.9 |
21.8 |
IA |
−53 °C |
|||
IA |
8 °C |
|||||
0.7[3] |
6.5 |
38–43 °C |
258 °C |
|||
1.8 |
10.8 |
IC |
31–37.7 °C |
310 °C |
||
1.4[3] |
11.2 |
IC |
35 °C |
340 °C |
||
n-Butyl acetate, butyl acetate |
1–1.7[3] |
8–15 |
IB |
24 °C |
370 °C |
|
n-Butyl chloride, 1-chlorobutane |
1.8 |
10.1 |
IB |
−6 °C |
1.24 |
|
1.4[6] |
10.2 |
IB |
2 °C |
225 °C |
||
1.4 |
7.8 |
IA |
0.28 @ 3.3% |
|||
0.9[5] |
5.9 |
IIIA |
79–87 °C |
540 °C |
||
1.19[5] |
7.58 |
−29 °C |
425 °C |
|||
2 |
34 |
4 °C |
60 °C |
|||
2 |
9 |
IIIA |
88 °C |
|||
7.3 |
22.2 |
35 °C |
379 °C |
|||
o-Dichlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene |
2[17] |
9 |
IIIA |
65 °C |
648 °C |
|
IC |
17 °C |
|||||
1 |
7 |
13 °C |
||||
1.0 |
6.0 |
IC |
27.2 °C |
530 °C |
||
1.5 |
7.8 |
IA |
−40 to −49 °C |
as 2-Pentane 0.18 @ 4.4% |
260 °C |
|
IA |
||||||
2.1 |
9.5–10.1 |
IA |
Flammable gas |
0.25 @ 5.2% (in pure oxygen 0.0021) |
480 °C |
|
2 |
8 |
13 °C |
||||
2.0 |
11.1 |
IA |
−108 °C |
0.28 |
458 °C |
|
2.9 |
36 |
IA |
||||
2 |
12 |
20 °C |
||||
1.5[5] |
98 |
IA |
<21 °C |
|||
1.1 |
6.1 |
IB |
31–32.2 °C |
490 °C |
||
IA |
||||||
2 |
12 |
IB |
−14 °C |
321 °C |
||
1.2–1.27 |
6.75–7.1 |
IB |
4.4 °C |
0.24 @ 4.1% |
480 °C; 535 °C[3] |
|
−20 °C |
−20 °C |
|||||
IA |
Flammable gas |
|||||
IA |
||||||
0.8[25] |
IC |
35 °C |
||||
IIIB |
327 °C (620 °F) |
|||||
2.6 |
13.4 |
−8 °C |
||||
3.6 |
33 |
|||||
0.9–1.0 |
6.7–7.0 |
IC |
27–32 °C |
0.2 |